摘　要：為解決越來越大的城市燃?xì)夥骞炔?，通過對(duì)各類調(diào)峰方式進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析，提出了可采用建設(shè)LNG調(diào)峰儲(chǔ)備站對(duì)城市燃?xì)膺M(jìn)行季節(jié)調(diào)峰和應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)備的對(duì)策。投資測(cè)算表明，大型城市燃?xì)夤究山ㄔO(shè)LNG調(diào)峰儲(chǔ)備站，中小城市燃?xì)夤究山ㄔO(shè)LNG衛(wèi)星站來儲(chǔ)備LNG用于調(diào)峰和事故應(yīng)急。因購買LNG與天然氣形成的價(jià)差，近期可利用CNG價(jià)調(diào)基金，中遠(yuǎn)期可以調(diào)峰氣價(jià)的方式解決。并以川渝地區(qū)為例分析了建設(shè)LNG調(diào)峰儲(chǔ)備站對(duì)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響，結(jié)果表明：建設(shè)LNG調(diào)峰儲(chǔ)備站是可行的，冬春季時(shí)用LNG進(jìn)行調(diào)峰可使原來要減停用氣的行業(yè)正常運(yùn)行，不僅保障了實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行，也完善了LNG產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈，使《城鎮(zhèn)燃?xì)夤芾項(xiàng)l例》的相關(guān)規(guī)定落到實(shí)處。最后，建議政府在建設(shè)LNG調(diào)峰儲(chǔ)備站方面要發(fā)揮主導(dǎo)作用：①合理規(guī)劃、布局LNG產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈；②強(qiáng)制要求較大的城市燃?xì)夤窘NG調(diào)峰儲(chǔ)備站；③制定建設(shè)LNG調(diào)峰儲(chǔ)備站的優(yōu)惠和鼓勵(lì)政策；④制定各級(jí)城市燃?xì)夤镜臉?biāo)準(zhǔn)儲(chǔ)備量；⑤研究擇機(jī)推行調(diào)峰氣價(jià)和居民階梯氣價(jià)。

關(guān)鍵詞：城市燃?xì)釲NG 燃?xì)庹{(diào)峰 應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)備 川渝地區(qū) 經(jīng)濟(jì)分析 建議

Abstract：In view of the expanding peak valley gap in an urban gas supply system，this paper made a comparative analysis of all types of peak-shaving methods and proposed a strategy of adopting the way of LNG stations as peak shaving and emergency reserves．The cost premmm showed that LNG stations with storage tanks should be appropriate for big cities while small LNG gasification stations，the so-called LNG satellite stations，for the small and medium-sized cities．Due to the price difference between the purchased LNC-and natural gas，the CNG price adjustment fund will be taken advantage of in the short run but the way of peak shavlng gas price will be in the mid long run．In a case study in Sichuan and Chongqing areas，this paper analyzes the impact of LNG storage stations on the regional economy.It was found that the proposed strategy of LNG storage stations is feasible，and especiallv in spring and winter tlmes，gwes a slim chance of survival for the fuel gas cutting industries in the past．In this way，not only is the substantial economy maintained steady，but the LNG industrial chain is fulfilled and The Regulation and Administration of Urban Gas will be implemented.In the end，this paper suggests that the government should play a dominant role in encouraging and stimulating the construction of LNG storage stations in the following aspects：to make a reasonable scheme and layout of the LNG industrial chain；to compulsively command those tuel gas compames in big cities to construct LNG storage stations；to formulate preferential and encouragement Dolicies on the projects ot LNG storage stations；to stipulate the standard reserves volume for the fuel gas companies in the city at all levels；and Lo study the proper time to put into force the gas price at peak shaving times or gas price ladder for residents．

Keywords：urban gas，LNG，peak-shaving and emergency reserves，Sichuan and Chongqing area，economic analysis，proposal

未來l0年．我國將是天然氣消費(fèi)市場(chǎng)大發(fā)展的10年，天然氣占一次能源消費(fèi)量的比重將不斷加大。因天然氣井生產(chǎn)基本平穩(wěn)及合理的產(chǎn)量安排，通常天然氣供應(yīng)是基本均釧勺；但在需求側(cè)，由于大多數(shù)天然氣用戶特別是城市燃?xì)庥脩舸嬖谥黠@的用氣高峰和低谷，且峰谷差巨大，嚴(yán)重時(shí)將影響到用氣安全甚至管道運(yùn)行安全^[1]。隨著天然氣市場(chǎng)規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大，峰谷差將會(huì)越來越大。因此，消減峰谷差足保證天然氣平穩(wěn)供應(yīng)和改善民生、環(huán)境，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定、健康、有序發(fā)展的重要手段。